Functional Communication Training

Functional Communication Training (FCT) is a highly effective, evidence-based intervention for reducing challenging behaviors in children with autism by teaching them appropriate communication strategies. By addressing the root causes of problem behaviors and providing clear, functional alternatives, FCT promotes meaningful communication, reduces frustration, and improves quality of life.

Parents play a critical role in the success of FCT by collaborating with professionals, reinforcing communication skills at home, and maintaining consistency across all environments. When implemented correctly, FCT empowers children to express their needs and fosters greater independence and social success. FCT is often used in combination with other behavioural therapies. The first step is a detailed functional assessment of a child’s challenging behaviour.

The next step is starting the therapy. This involves:

a) deciding on a new way for the child to communicate
b) systematically teaching the child the new communication skill
c) reinforcing the child’s behaviour whenever the child uses the new skill
d) ignoring the challenging behaviour whenever it happens
e) prompting or reminding the child to use the new skill when appropriate.

This therapy can take a long time, perhaps weeks or months. It can be quite intensive to do, especially in the early stages.