The main tangible outputs of this second work package result in the open database that bring together all the information collected on evidence-based therapies in an organised and accessible way.
| Domain | Title of therapy | Short Description | Level of evidence | Read more |
| Carer and Family Support | Assessment of carer and family needs | Taking on the role of a caregiver can be an immensely challenging experience, often accompanied by a substantial burden that can result in overwhelming strain and various health issues. Recognizing the significance of this role and the potential consequences it can have on the caregiver's well-being, it becomes crucial to assess and address their specific needs, including also the right of short b... | High | Read More |
| Carer and Family Support | Parent training | Interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often involve comprehensive caregiver training and support. Caregiver training encompasses education and advice about the health condition, relevant strategies, and tasks crucial for the rehabilitation process. It can be delivered individually or in group sessions by members of the rehabilitation team. The goal is to provide appropriate care to the ... | High | Read More |
| Carer and Family Support | Support | "Caregiver and family support aims to equip caregivers and families with knowledge, skills, and resources to cope with their role successfully by delivering the appropriate care to the person in need but without developing health issues themselves. Caregiver and family support during the rehabilitation of the person in need comprises provision of information, resources, individual counselling, or ... | High | Read More |
| Self-Management | Decision making | "The process of decision making involves the ability to select from various options, put the chosen option into action, and assess the outcomes of that choice. This can manifest in different scenarios, such as picking and purchasing a specific item or selecting and carrying out a particular task among several that need completion. The evaluation of decision-making skills, which includes an initia... | High | Read More |
| Self-Management | Self-management of the health condition | "Education on self-management involves imparting knowledge and guidance on tasks that are pertinent to managing one's medical, emotional, and social well-being in relation to the prevention or coping with a health condition. The goal of individualized advice is to identify and discuss strategies that can enhance self-management skills, tailored to the unique needs and capabilities of each individu... | High | Read More |
| Community and Social Life | Participation in community and social life | "Community and social life performance is a multifaceted aspect of an individual's life that encompasses their level of involvement in various activities within social and community settings. These activities span a wide range of domains, including recreational pursuits, leisure activities, religious engagement, and political involvement. Understanding an individual's participation in these areas ... | Low | Read More |
| Community and Social Life | Peer support | "Peer support is an empowering approach where individuals who have shared experiences or face similar challenges as the person undergoing rehabilitation provide support in developing self-management skills and coping strategies. In the context of rehabilitation, peer support is facilitated by the rehabilitation team, bringing together peers and individuals receiving rehabilitation. This support ca... | Medium | Read More |
| Community and Social Life | Structured group activities | "Structured group activities play a pivotal role in enhancing the well-being of participants by providing them with opportunities to partake in recreational or leisure activities that bring joy and meaning to their lives. The group setting fosters an environment where individuals can not only engage in enjoyable pursuits but also learn from their peers, thereby contributing to personal development... | Medium | Read More |
| Education and Vocation | Supported employment | "Supporting individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in employment demands a nuanced approach within health and social care services. Considering sensory, physical, cognitive, and communication needs, services aim to actively assist ASD individuals in overcoming workplace challenges. Specialized supported employment workers provide ongoing support, fostering a positive and inclusive atmosph... | High | Read More |
| Education and Vocation | Vocational counseling, training, and Support | "Supporting individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in employment demands a nuanced approach within health and social care services. Considering sensory, physical, cognitive, and communication needs, services aim to actively assist ASD individuals in overcoming workplace challenges. Specialized supported employment workers provide ongoing support, fostering a positive and inclusive atmosph... | Low | Read More |
| Education and Vocation | Vocational Assessment | "The assessment should make best use of existing documentation about personal, educational, occupational, social and communication functioning, and should include assessment of any coexisting conditions, especially depression, anxiety, ADHD, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and global delay or intellectual disability in line with Autism in adults (NICE clinical guideline 142). . As part of init... | High | Read More |
| Education and Vocation | Supported education | "Accessing and participating in education poses challenges for individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Supported education is deemed effective by the Development Group for enhancing educational involvement among individuals with ASD. The group finds no significant adverse effects associated with supported education for this population. The favorable cost-benefit ratio, consideri... | High | Read More |
| Education and Vocation | Educational assessment | All parties involved in the care and support of children, young adults, and adults with a learning disability, including family members and caregivers, should comprehend the risk of behavior that challenges and its often gradual development. It is crucial to observe and document factors that may heighten this risk, including personal factors such as severe learning disability, autism, dementia, co... | Low | Read More |
| Interpersonal Interactions and Relationships | Assessment of interpersonal interactions and relationships | Maintaining basic and complex interpersonal interactions and relationships depends on the level of physical and mental functioning, social skills, and the specific situation of the individual and the people who relate to the individual. Assessment (including initial screening) can be conducted by observation, interviewing or using standardized self-reported questionnaires.... | High | Read More |
| Interpersonal Interactions and Relationships | Social skills training | Social skills involve different aspects of cognition, emotion and behaviour. Social skills training aims to improve, for example, problem-solving skills, control of emotions, and verbal and non-verbal communication through exercises, tasks and activities during individual or group activities. The training is guided and assisted by a health worker and, if feasible, applied self-directed by the pati... | High | Read More |
| Cognitive Functions | Assessment of cognitive functions | Cognitive functions comprise mental functions such as consciousness, orientation, attention, memory, sensory perception, language, abstraction, organization, planning, insight, judgment, calculation and problem-solving. The assessment of cognitive functions (including initial screening to determine the need for comprehensive assessment) uses observation, interviewing, standardized self-reporte... | High | Read More |
| Cognitive Functions | Cognitive training | Cognitive functions include orientation, attention, memory, abstraction, organization, planning, calculation and problem-solving. Cognitive training includes exercises and tasks designed to restore, retrain or compensate for impaired cognition. It consists of education, advice, and training techniques in the context of functional tasks. Under the guidance or assistance of a health worker, tech... | High | Read More |
| Cognitive Functions | Provision and training in the use of assistive products for cognition | The provision of assistive products (e.g. pill organizers, time management products, global positioning system locators, simplified mobile phones, personal emergency alarm systems) to support peoples cognitive functions. Provision includes identification of the specific needs of the individual, as well as the selection, manufacture or modification, and adjustment of the appropriate product. Follo... | High | Read More |
| Sleep disturbances | Assesment of sleep disturbances | Sleep disturbances can relate to the experience of stress, existence of health conditions (e.g. mental health disorders), or presence of independent disorders such as insomnia, sleep apnoea, narcolepsy, restless legs syndrome and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder. The assessment of sleep functions uses interviewing and brief standardized self-reported questionnaires to identify the... | High | Read More |
| Sleep disturbances | Behavioural interventions for sleep disturbances | Problems with behaviour (challenging, problematic or inappropriate behaviours, or behavioural and psychological symptoms) comprise, for example, agitation, aggression, inattention or overactivity. Problems with behaviour can be caused or triggered by factors that are biological (e.g. pain), social (e.g. boredom, insensitivity of others), environmental (e.g. noise and lighting) or psych... | High | Read More |
| Sleep disturbances | Melatonin | Melatonin is a hormone naturally produced by the pineal gland in the brain, primarily responsible for regulating the body's circadian rhythm to manage the natural sleep cycle. Its production increases with darkness to help promote sleep and decreases when exposed to light, signaling the body to wake up. Because of its critical role in managing sleep patterns, melatonin supplements are often used t... | Medium | Read More |
| Problems with Behaviour | Assessment of problems with behaviour | Problems with behaviour (also called challenging, problematic, or inappropriate behaviours, or behavioural and psychological symptoms) comprise symptoms such as, for example, agitation, aggression, inattention, or overactivity. Problems with behaviour can be caused or triggered by factors that are biological (e.g. pain), social (e.g. boredom, insensitivity of others), environmental (e.g. n... | High | Read More |
| Problems with Behaviour | Cognitive behavioural therapy | Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a psychological therapy that combines cognitive components (aimed at thinking differently, for example through identifying and challenging unrealistic negative thoughts) and behavioural components (aimed at doing things differently, for example by helping the person to do more rewarding activities). During CBT sessions, exercises help the person to develop ap... | High | Read More |
| Problems with Behaviour | Behavioural interventions | Problems with behaviour (challenging, problematic or inappropriate behaviours, or behavioural and psychological symptoms) comprise, for example, agitation, aggression, inattention or overactivity. Problems with behaviour can be caused or triggered by factors that are biological (e.g. pain), social (e.g. boredom, insensitivity of others), environmental (e.g. noise and lighting) or psych... | High | Read More |
| Problems with Behaviour | Relaxation training | Relaxation training targets subjective experiences of pain, stress and anxiety but also body functions such as muscle tension or heart functions (blood pressure, heart rate). Relaxation training comprises a variety of approaches such as progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery, biofeedback, or deep breathing exercises. The training is guided by a health worker and, if feasible, performed self... | High | Read More |
| Problems with Behaviour | Assesment of perceptual functions | Perceptual functions are the specific mental functions of recognizing, processing and interpreting sensory stimuli; they cover auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory, tactile and visuospatial perception. Impairments in sensory perception and processing can impact vision, hearing or movement, and can also contribute to problems with behaviour. Assessment of perceptual functions uses interviewing, o... | High | Read More |
| Problems with Behaviour | Sensory integration interventions | Sensory integration interventions address sensory dysfunctions, specifically problems with the perception and processing of a sensory input, such as touch, sound, sight or smell, that impact the persons behavioural response. The interventions aim to improve how sensory inputs are integrated by using different stimuli (e.g. deep pressure or specific movements) in a structured and repetitive way. T... | High | Read More |
| Problems with Behaviour | Provision and training in the use of assistive products for perceptual fuctions | The provision of assistive products (e.g. spectacles with filters and protection) to support adequate perceptual arousal and response and to prevent over-arousal. Provision includes identification of the specific needs of the individual and selection of the appropriate product. Following provision, the patient will be trained in the use and care of the products.... | High | Read More |
| Speech, Language and Communication | Assessment of language | The use of language involves the capacity to understand and express spoken, written or other forms of language. This capacity is developed in the early ages of development. Problems with using language include, among other factors, the lack of development of oral language due to hearing loss, for example, but also different types of impairments due to brain damage (e.g. aphasia). Assessment of lan... | High | Read More |
| Speech, Language and Communication | Language therapy | Problems with using language comprise difficulties to understand and express spoken, written or other forms of language, which exist in, for example, people with limited language development (e.g. in people with hearing loss), or due to different types of impairments following, for example, brain damage (e.g. aphasia). Language therapy aims to promote and restore understanding and expression of la... | High | Read More |
| Speech, Language and Communication | Assesment of speech function | Speech impairments may include problems with speech fluency and rhythm, articulation and coordination of speech due to brain damage (e.g. stuttering, dysarthria or speech apraxia), hearing loss or developmental disorders. The assessment of speech functions (including initial screening to determine the need for comprehensive assessment) uses observation, interviewing, standardized self-reported que... | High | Read More |
| Speech, Language and Communication | Speech therapy | Problems with speech functions include impairments with fluency and rhythm of speech, articulation, and coordination of speech, due to impairments related to brain damage (e.g. stuttering, dysarthria or speech apraxia), or to hearing loss or development disorders. Speech therapy aims to improve the fluency and rhythm of speech, articulation and coordination of speech through, for example, phonolog... | High | Read More |
| Speech, Language and Communication | Assessment of communication | Communication is performed by using words, sounds, signs or behaviours to express or exchange information and is learned from early childhood. Difficulties in communication can relate to problems with understanding and expressing language, impairments in hearing, speech or vocal functions, and also to psychological issues. The assessment of communication (including initial screening to determine t... | High | Read More |
| Speech, Language and Communication | Communication skills training | Difficulties in communication can relate to problems with understanding and expressing language, impairments in hearing, speech or vocal functions, and also to psychological issues. Training in communication skills aims to enable a person to communicate with others via spoken, written or other forms of language through, for example, communication partner training. Communication skills training inc... | High | Read More |
| Speech, Language and Communication | Provision and training in the use of assistive products for communication | The provision of assistive products (e.g. communication boards/books/cards, electronic device and communication software, augmentative and alternative communication devices) to support communication. Provision includes identification of the specific needs of the individual, as well as the selection, manufacture or modification, and adjustment of the appropriate product. Following provision, the pa... | High | Read More |
| Sexual Functions and Initimate Relationships | Assessment of sexual functions and relationships | Sexual functions refer to the mental and physical functions related to the sexual act, including the arousal, preparatory, orgasmic and resolution stages. Intimate relationship functions refer to the persons ability to create and maintain close or romantic relationships with another person, such as husband, wife or sexual partners. The assessment (including initial screening) uses interviewing, p... | High | Read More |
| Sexual Functions and Initimate Relationships | Peer support | Peer support is an approach in which people, sharing the same experiences or challenges as the person in the rehabilitation process, support the person in the rehabilitation process in the development of self-management skills and coping strategies to achieve and maintain optimal functioning and well-being. Peer support in rehabilitation is organized by the rehabilitation team by bringing together... | High | Read More |
| Mental Health | Assesment of mental health | Mental health has intrinsic and instrumental value, helping people to connect (e.g. having positive relationships, sense of belonging), function (e.g. applying cognitive skills, learn new skills), cope (e.g. deal with stress, understanding and managing emotions) and thrive (e.g. feeling good, finding purpose in life). The assessment of mental health (using initial screening to determine the ne... | High | Read More |
| Mental Health | Antidepressants | Prescription and/or administration (if injection) of the medicine and providing education and advice on the safe intake or administration (if self-directed) and potential adverse effects of the medicine.... | High | Read More |
| Mental Health | Psychological therapies | Psychological therapy uses different psychological approaches (e.g. psychoanalytical or psychodynamic therapies, behavioural or cognitive therapies, and integrative or holistic approaches) that help the client to eliminate or control symptoms and, thus, to improve psychosocial functioning in people with mental illnesses (e.g. depression, anxiety, stress disorders) or emotional difficulties (e.... | High | Read More |
| Mental Health | Physical exercise training | A variety of physical exercises (e.g. aerobic or strengthening exercises, balance or coordination exercises, mindbody exercises), with or without weight-bearing, are suitable to improve exercise capacity, muscle strength, joint mobility, voluntary movement, balance, gait and walking, as well as helping to reduce pain and fatigue. Regular physical exercise training (including education and advice ... | High | Read More |
| Mental Health | stress management training | Stress management refers to the ability to cope with the physical, psychological and emotional effects of pressure, emergencies or other stressors. Stress management training uses different approaches (e.g. psychological, relaxation or mindfulness exercises) that aim to develop or improve skills to successfully cope with stressful situations. Stress management training commonly includes education,... | High | Read More |
| Motor Functions and Mobility | Assessment of movement functions | Movement functions comprise functions such as motor reflex functions, voluntary and involuntary movement functions or gait pattern. The assessment of movement functions (including initial screening to determine the need for comprehensive assessment) uses observation, physical examination and standardized tests to determine the presence and/or severity of impairments in movement functions, ascertai... | High | Read More |
| Motor Functions and Mobility | Physical exercise training | A variety of physical exercises (e.g. aerobic or strengthening exercises, balance or coordination exercises, mindbody exercises), with or without weight-bearing, are suitable to improve exercise capacity, muscle strength, joint mobility, voluntary movement, balance, gait and walking, as well as helping to reduce pain and fatigue. Regular physical exercise training (including education and advice ... | High | Read More |
| Exercise and Fitness | Assessment of exercise capacity | Exercise capacity is the ability to increase oxygen uptake above that at rest. Exercise tolerance relates to an individuals exercise capacity to endure exercise or to achieve a maximum workload. The assessment of exercise capacity (including initial screening to determine the need for comprehensive assessment) uses self-reported questionnaires and rating scales and standardized maximal exercise t... | High | Read More |
| Exercise and Fitness | Fitness training | Fitness training includes aerobic (e.g. walking, cycling) and anaerobic exercises (e.g. muscle-strengthening exercises) with the sufficient amount of intensity, duration and frequency to improve exercise capacity and strength. Exercises to improve flexibility and coordination (e.g. stretching, balance exercises) complete a fitness programme. The fitness training is guided by a health worker and, i... | High | Read More |
| Activities of Daily Living | Assessment of activities of daily living ADL | Activities of daily living (ADL) are tasks regularly performed as part of self-care activities (e.g. washing, caring for body parts, toileting, dressing, eating and drinking and looking after ones health), or instrumental activities (e.g. household tasks, acquisition of goods and services, and managing communication, relationships and finances). The assessment of ADL (including initial screening ... | High | Read More |
| Activities of Daily Living | ADL training | Activities of daily living (ADL) are tasks regularly performed as part of self-care activities (e.g. washing, caring for body parts, toileting, dressing, eating and drinking and looking after ones health), or instrumental activities (e.g. household tasks, acquisition of goods and services, and managing communication, relationships and finances). The training is directed towards an individuals go... | High | Read More |
| Activities of Daily Living | Provision and training in the use of assistive products for self-care | The provision of assistive products for self-care (e.g. products for toileting, washing, grooming, dressing, eating) that support people to improve and maintain their level of functioning and independence in daily living. Provision includes the identification of the specific needs of the individual, as well as the selection, manufacture or modification, and adjustment of the appropriate product. F... | High | Read More |
| Activities of Daily Living | Modification of the home environment | The structure, layout, furniture and lighting of a home can facilitate or hinder functioning. Modification of the home environment may involve varying degrees of intervention that address environmental barriers and maximize safety, independence and performance of activities of daily living. These may include: general advice and guidance on home modifications (including without seeing the home); ... | High | Read More |
| Nutrition | Assessment of nutritional status | Nutritional status describes the state of the body in relation to the consumption and utilization of nutrients and can be classified as well-nourished or malnourished (underor over-nourished). The assessment of nutritional status uses anthropometric measures to assess body composition (measurement of weight, height, body mass index, body circumferences and skinfold thickness), laboratory tests to ... | High | Read More |
| Nutrition | Nutritional management | Nutritional (or dietary) management aims to achieve and maintain an appropriate nutritional status and supply of necessary nutrients in people with (or at risk for) malnutrition. Malnutrition refers to undernutrition, overweight or micronutrientrelated malnutrition. Nutritional management includes diet modification, provision of adequate nutritional supplements (oral or enteral feeding) or modific... | High | Read More |
| Nutrition | Assessment of food selectivity and sensitivity | Food selectivity and sensitivity can be described as a combination of food refusal, limited food repertoire and high frequency single food intake, and can lead to nutrient deficiencies and malnutrition. Assessment of food selectivity and sensitivity (including initial screening to determine the need for comprehensive assessment) uses observation, interviewing and standardized self-reported questio... | High | Read More |
| Nutrition | Sensory stimulation | Sensory stimulation is the use of external environmental stimuli to promote arousal and adequate behavioural responsiveness, so that by gradually providing the nervous system with sensory information, the patient is able to perform adequate action depending on their level of responsiveness. Sensory stimulation programmes use different smells and flavours of moderate-to-high intensity, verbal and n... | High | Read More |